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Table of Contents
Yiddish in the Netherlands
Language
Language designations:
- In the language itself: יידיש 'Eydish'
- ISO 639-3 standard: yid
Language vitality according to:
UNESCO | Ethnologue | Endangered Languages | Glottolog |
---|---|---|---|
Unesco's vitality score | stable | at risk | not endangered |
Click here for a full overview of the language vitality colour codes.
Linguistic aspects:
- Classification: indo-european → germanic → west-germanic. For more information, see language at Glottolog
- Script: Hebrew alphabet
Language standardisation
The standardised spelling of Yiddish is known as YIVO (Yidisher visnshaftlekher institut, founded in 1925). The YIVO standard is maintained by the Institute for Jewish Research, New York. https://www.yivo.org/
Demographics
Speaker communities
Today, Yiddish is primarily spoken by orthodox communities, espacally among Haredi Jews.
Speaker numbers
Not known.
Education of the language
History of language education:
Yiddish wasa never tought in Dutch schools. In universities, Yiddish was studied in the past. Today the University of Amsterdam offers Yiddish courses. The JNW (Jiddisch-Nederlandse woordenboek) was first published in 1987 and is digitally available at https://jiddischwoordenboek.nl/
Legislation of language education
Yiddish is recongnized under the ECRML under article 7, paragraph 5. This is due to it being a non-territorial language in the Netherlands.
Legislation on European level
The Kingdom of the Netherlands has ratified Yiddish under the ECRML in 1998 under article 7, paragraph 5. It is thus protected to some extend. The Yiddish speaking community is not recognized as a minority under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. This is due to the fact that Yiddish speakers are part of the jewish religous group.
Further legislation
There are no further laws regarding Yiddish education in the Netherlands.
Support structure for education of the language:
If information is available, please discuss whether:
Institutional support
e.g.:
- Is language education promoted by an institution/ several institutions?
- What is their role?
Financial support
e.g.:
- is there financial support for the education, e.g. employment of teachers, (the development of) teaching materials, or the promotion of language education?
Language learning materials:
e.g.:
- Are there learning materials being developed?
- Are these materials sufficient and of good quality?
- Are these materials commissioned or their development subsidized by the regional or national government?
Teacher support
e.g:
- Is there training available for language teachers?
- Are there sufficient teachers and they are competent?
- Is a teacher's union present, or an institution where teachers can get advice or additional training?
- Is teacher training subsidised by the regional or national government?
Education presence
To what extent is language education available in the area under scrutiny:
Can you say anything about to what extent education of the language helps to preserve it:
- Does learning the language at school stimulate the its use outside school, or perhaps quite the opposite?
- Does the fact that the language is being taught in school add to its prestige, and the speakers' self-esteem?
Feel free to structure your information using chapter heading, e.g.:
preschool education
e.g.: * Is the language used as medium of instruction in school?
- for how many hours per week?
- to how many children / what percentage of the population?
- are language skills being evaluated in any way?
- what level of competence do students reach?
primary education
e.g.:
- Is the language being taught in- or outside of school?
- If the language is taught during school hours,
- in which grades is it being taught?
- for how many hours per week?
- to how many children / what percentage of the population?
- are language skills being evaluated in any way?
- what level of competence do students reach?
- Is the language used as medium of instruction in school?
- What school systems with respect to multilingualism are there (bilingual, trilingual)?
secondary education
e.g.:
- Is the language being taught in- or outside of school?
- If the language is taught during school hours,
- in which grades is it being taught?
- for how many hours per week?
- to how many children / what percentage of the population?
- are language skills being evaluated in any way?
- what level of competence do students reach?
- Is the language used as medium of instruction in school?
- What school systems with respect to multilingualism are there (bilingual, trilingual)?
vocational education
e.g.:
- Is the language taught or studied at vocational level?
- Which types of study programmes or courses are these?
- How many students are there, taking these?
higher education/university education
e.g.:
- Is the language taught or studied at university level?
- Which types of study programmes or courses are these?
- How many students are there, taking these?
adult education
e.g.:
- Are there courses available for adults?
- which types of courses are these?
- How many participants are there?
Online learning resources
Please provide links to online learning resources. Feel free to add points, and to structure your information using chapter heading, e.g.: