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languages:breton_in_france

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Breton in France

Language designations:

  • In the language itself: Brezhoneg
  • ISO 639-3 standard: bre

Language vitality:

Linguistic aspects:

  • Classification: Indo-European → Celtic → Celtiberian → Nuclear Celtic → TGB Celtic → Insular Celtic → Brythonic → Southwestern Brythonic → Breton
  • For more information, see bret1244 at Glottolog

Language standardization:

Breton has known many ortographies, and Breton has been written since the 6th Century1). In the 20th century, several orthographies were produced to try encompass the regional variations an/or to create a universal spelling:

  • 1941:Peurunvan('totally unified')/zedacheg (for digraph zh)/KLTGw (the four variety's initials).
  • 1954: Orthographie Universitaire
  • 1970: Etrerannyezhel (‘interdialectal’)

Peurunvan remains the most popular in use2) 3).

Demographics

Language Area

operating instructions

Various functions are available as part of the map.

mouse/touch operation
  • moving by grabbing the map with a mouse-click you can move the map around
  • overview map using the + button in the bottom right of the map you can expand an overview map
  • zooming in and out using the + and - buttons in the top left of the map you can obtain more or less detail in the map
  • switching themes or maps clicking on the ≡ icon on the right-hand side of the map you can view and select available maps and themes
  • retrieving information the map may contain elements that contain more information, by clicking these a popup will show this information
  • fullscreen display using the ✈ button the map can be maximized to fullscreen display, use the ✕ button to return to page display.
keyboard operation

Keyboard operation becomes available after activating the map using the tab key (the map will show a focus indicator ring).

  • moving using the arrow keys you can move the map
  • overview map using the + button in the bottom right of the map you can expand an overview map
  • zooming in and out using the + and - buttons in the top left of the map or by using the + and - keys you can obtain more or less detail in the map
  • switching themes or maps clicking on the ≡ icon on the right-hand side of the map you can view and select available maps and themes
  • retrieving information the map may contain elements that contain more information, using the i key you can activate a cursor that may be moved using the arrow keys, pressing the enter will execute an information retrieval. press the i or the escape key to return to navigation mode
  • fullscreen display using the ✈ button the map can be maximized to fullscreen display, use the ✕ button to return to page display.

It's possible that some of the functions or buttons describe above have been disabled by the page author or the administrator

Europe

 

Points of Interest
id symbol latitude longitude description
Europe
1 marker-gold 48.25º -3.79º

Brittany, France

Speaker numbers


Language and education legislation:

European language legislation:

Breton is not covered under the Charter for Regional and Minority Languages as France has signed, but has not ratified the the Charter.

Educational legislation:


Education in practice

14,710 children (corresponding to 2.4% of school children in Brittany) will be learning Breton 2012 and 2013, opposed to 5 children in 1985. Few learners reach a reasonable level of fluency. 4)

Since 1977, there is a bilingual school network, Diwan, which teaches by language immersion, and teaches Breton only in the first years of education. The Diwan schools do not receive state financial support. 5)

Bodies controlling enforcement of educational laws:


Learning resources and educational institutions:

Mercator's Regional Dossier:

Read more about Breton language education in Mercator's Regional Dossier (2019).

1) , 3)
Ager, S. (n.d.). Breton (ar brezhoneg). Omniglot. https://www.omniglot.com/writing/breton.htm.
2)
Gutman, A. & Avanzati, B. (2013).Breton.The Language Gulper.http://www.languagesgulper.com/eng/Breton.html.
4)
Goalabre, F. (2015). Immersion Education and the Revitalisation of Breton and Gaelic as Community Languages. Policy and Planning for Endangered Languages
5)
Vallerie, M. & Bouroulleg, C. Breton: Breton language in education in France| 3rd Edition Mercator Research Centre. https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/breton_in_france_3rd.pdf.
languages/breton_in_france.1583306222.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/03/04 08:17 by ydwine

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