languages:ulster_scots_in_the_uk
Differences
This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
Both sides previous revisionPrevious revisionNext revision | Previous revision | ||
languages:ulster_scots_in_the_uk [2020/10/05 11:38] – [Language vitality according to:] ydwine | languages:ulster_scots_in_the_uk [2023/06/15 13:20] (current) – [policies] ydwine | ||
---|---|---|---|
Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
| {{: | | {{: | ||
==== Linguistic aspects: ===== | ==== Linguistic aspects: ===== | ||
- | * Classification: | + | * Classification: |
* Script: Latin | * Script: Latin | ||
- | ==== Language | + | ==== Language |
- | There is so far no standardized orthography((Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission. (2010). Minority Language Rights: The Irish language and Ulster Scots (p. 31). Belfast: Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission. Retrieved from http://www.peig.ie/images/Taighde/ | + | |
- | + | [[http://www.ulsterscotsacademy.com/words/hamely-tongue/h/hoose.php|The Hamely Tongue: A Personal Record of Ulster-Scots | |
+ | In 2013, the Ulster-Scots Academy Implementation Group (USAIG) published the [[http:// | ||
+ | [[http:// | ||
+ | Moreover, the Ulster-Scots Academy is working on //The Complete Ulster-Scots Dictionary: A full historical record of the written and spoken language//. It is a work in progress, but part of it, the [[http:// | ||
Line 25: | Line 28: | ||
==== Language Area ==== | ==== Language Area ==== | ||
- | Ulster-Scots is spoken in large parts of Ulster, in the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, | + | Ulster-Scots is spoken in large parts of Ulster, in the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, |
- | [[https:// | + | {{:languages:481px-ulster_locator_map.svg.png? |
- | + | ||
- | Percentage of the population who stated that they can speak Ulster-Scots in the 2011 census in Northern Ireland. | + | |
+ | Left: Map of the isle of Ireland showing the area of Ulster.((Rannpháirtí anaithnid (2012). Locator map of Ulster. //Wikimedia Commons//. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license: [[https:// | ||
+ | Right: Map of Northern Ireland showing the percentages of the population who stated that they can speak Ulster-Scots in the 2011 census ((SkateTier (2011, May 9) // | ||
==== Speaker numbers ==== | ==== Speaker numbers ==== | ||
- | There are quite diverse estimates when it comes to determine the amount of speakers. Some estimates place the number of speakers around 33,400 in Northern Ireland((Scots. (n.d.). Retrieved May 1, 2017, from https:// | ||
- | Furthermore, | + | ===Northern Ireland=== |
+ | The Northern Ireland Census 2021 registered that, out of the 1,836,619 residents aged 3 and over, 61,032 people (3.32%) can speak Ulster Scots, of which 30,499 people speak Ulster Scots daily (that is, 1.66% of the total population and 49,97% of the Ulster Scots speakers). The highest percentages of Ulster Scots speakers can be found in the local government districts of Mid and East Antrim (7.45%) and Causeway Coast and Glens (7.46%) ((Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (2022). //Northern Ireland Census 2021: Ethnicity, identity, language and religion, dataset Frequency of speaking Ulster-Scots MS-B10//. [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Continuous Household Survey 2019/20 found that 16% of the adult population in Northern Ireland had some knowledge of Ulster-Scots, | ||
+ | speak, read or write Ulster-Scots. This is an increase compared to the results of the Continuous Household Survey in 2015/16 and 2017/18 . Of the adult population in Northern Ireland, 5% can speak, 4% can read, and 1% can write Ulster-Scots. The survey shows that 34% of the adults who can speak Ulster-Scots, | ||
+ | |||
+ | percentage of adult population in Northern Ireland concerning Ulster-Scots language skills, according to the Continuous Household Survey 2019/20 ((Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (2020, November 26). //Knowledge and use of Ulster-Scots in Northern Ireland: Findings from the Continuous Household Survey 2019/20//. [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ^can understand ^ can speak ^ can read ^ can write ^ | ||
+ | | 15% | 5% | 4% | 1% | | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Within the UK: England, Scotland and Wales === | ||
+ | |||
+ | According to the UK Census 2021, there were 13 speakers of Ulster-Scots spread across England (12 speakers) and Wales (1 speaker) ((Office for National Statistics (ONS (2022, November 29). Statistical bulletin, Language, England and Wales: Census 2021. //ONS website.// [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Outside of the UK === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ulster Scots is spoken in the Republic of Ireland, in the county of Donegal ((UNECSO (2023). Ulster Scots in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. //World Atlas of Languages //. [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | No data is available, but Ulster-Scots language communities are (or historically were) present in the USA, Canada, and Australia due to emigration ((Ulster-Scots Agency (n.d.) An introduction to the Ulster-Scots Language. // | ||
---- | ---- | ||
Line 42: | Line 63: | ||
====== Education of the language ====== | ====== Education of the language ====== | ||
===== History of language education ===== | ===== History of language education ===== | ||
- | As many other minority languages, Ulster-Scots has been, until recent times, a stigmatized variety. So it is not surprising that children were discouraged to use it at school((About Us. (n.d.). Retrieved May 28, 2017, from http:// | ||
- | It is in the Belfast Agreement of 1998 that a need to support linguistic diversity was first articulated((The Belfast Agreement | + | Ulster-Scots has been, until recent times, |
- | In 2001 the British | + | In 2001, the UK government ratified the [[general_information: |
- | + | ||
- | The singing of the St. Andrews agreement of 2006 (also known as the Northern Ireland Act of 2006), further confirmed this trend towards an expansion in the recognition and promotion of the language((The Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture strategy | Department for Communities. (2015, August 6). Retrieved May 25, 2017, from https:// | + | |
- | )). In the agreement it is specifically | + | |
===== Legislation of language education ===== | ===== Legislation of language education ===== | ||
==== European legislation ==== | ==== European legislation ==== | ||
- | Ulster Scots is currently protected by the [[general_information: | ||
- | However, as it is not included between | + | Ulster-Scots |
+ | * 1.f: the provision | ||
+ | * 1.g: the provision | ||
+ | * 1.h: the promotion of study and research on regional or minority languages at universities or equivalent institutions | ||
+ | |||
+ | As Ulster-Scots is not recognised under Part III of the Charter, there are no specific undertakings ratified concerning education. The latest state reports, reports of the Committee of Experts | ||
+ | |||
+ | The [[https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/articles/european-charter-regional-and-minority-languages|Inter-departmental Charter Implementation Group]] (ICIG), hosted by the Department for Communities (DfC), supports the government of Northern Ireland in the implementation of the ECRML. | ||
==== National and regional legislation ==== | ==== National and regional legislation ==== | ||
- | Since the St. Andrews agreement 2006 language legislation was devolved from London to the Northern Ireland Asembly ((The St Andrews Agreement, October 2006 - GOV.UK. (n.d.). Retrieved May 25, 2017, from https:// | ||
- | Presently, the Department of Education has a language policy that allows the use of Ulster-Scots for communication with it ((DE language policy | Department of Education. (2015, October 23). Retrieved May 20, 2017, from https:// | + | ===Belfast Agreement of 1998=== |
+ | It is in the [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===St. Andrews agreement of 2006=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The singing of the [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====policies ==== | ||
+ | ===Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture strategy for 2015 to 2035=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | In line with the commitments of the Belfast Agreement of 1998 and the St. Andrews agreement of 2006, the [[https:// | ||
+ | * Aim 1: Promote and safeguard the status of, and respect for, the Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture. | ||
+ | * Objective 1: To increase respect for the Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture. | ||
+ | * Objective 3: To develop Ulster Scots as a living language in line with the [[general_information: | ||
+ | * Objective 4: To meet the Ulster-Scots language, heritage and cultural duties of the [[general_information: | ||
+ | * Objective 5: To provide sustainable and quality educational provision relating to all aspects of the Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture. | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Aim 2: Build up the sustainability, | ||
+ | * Objective 7: To establish an Ulster-Scots Academy | ||
+ | * Objective 8: To maximise the economic andsocial benefits of the Ulster-Scots language, | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Aim 3: Foster an inclusive, wider understanding of the Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture in a way that will contribute towards building a strong and shared community | ||
+ | * Objective 9: To commission quality research in Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture. | ||
+ | * Objective 10: To increase the amount and quality of Ulster-Scots media provision, | ||
+ | * Objective 11: To increase positive cross-community attitudes towards, and a wider understanding of, the Ulster-Scots language, | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Strategic outcomes: | ||
+ | * the establishment of a quality, | ||
+ | * increased visibility of and accessibility to quality Ulster-Scots provision in the education system; | ||
+ | * an agreed standard written form of Ulster Scots; | ||
+ | * quality Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture research findings which are disseminated widely and impact positively on the future of Ulster Scots. | ||
+ | |||
+ | However, the further development of the strategy has been delayed, as the Northern Ireland Executive collapesed in January 2017 and was absent until January 2020, due to disagreement on legislation for the Irish language ((Council of Europe. (2021). //Fifth Report submitted by the United Kingdom Pursuant to Article 25, paragraph 2 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Department of Education language policy=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Department of Education has a language policy that allows the use of Ulster-Scots for communication with the department, but the policy "does not cover language provision within the school curriculum." | ||
===== Support structure ===== | ===== Support structure ===== | ||
- | The structure of the school system in Northern Ireland is rather complex, which becomes more so when it comes to the use of languages, including Ulster-Scots. The system itself is controlled by the Department of Education, which in turn is accountable to the Assembly, through the Minister of Education((Perry, | ||
- | The Department of Education | + | The school system in Northern Ireland is in hands of the Department of Education, |
+ | ]].)) | ||
- | In addition | + | The Department of Education is supported by non-departamental public bodies, called Arms Length Bodies ((Department of Education. (n.d.) //We work with these bodies.// [[https:// |
+ | |||
+ | Currently, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Institutional support ==== | ||
=== The Ulster-Scots Agency === | === The Ulster-Scots Agency === | ||
- | The Ulster-Scots Agency. This agency aims to promote the study, conservation, | ||
- | The Agency was established | + | The [[https:// |
- | The aims of the Agency | + | |
+ | The Ulster-Scots Agency aims to: | ||
+ | * promote the study, conservation, | ||
+ | * encourage and develop | ||
+ | * promote an understanding of the history of the Ulster-Scots | ||
+ | |||
+ | Concerning education, the Ulster-Scots Agency offers to organise after school clubs, school drama, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Ulster-Scots Agency organises the Ulster-Scots Flagship School [USFS] programme, a cultural and educational programme to support " | ||
+ | |||
+ | In 2017, the Ulster-Scots | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Ulster-SCots Agency recognises schools "that have developed sustainable, whole-school programmes about Ulster-Scots culture | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Council for the Curriculum, Examinations | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Council for the Curriculum, Examinations | ||
+ | |||
+ | Within the context | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===The Ulster-Scots Academy=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[http:// | ||
- | The Agency offers workshops, school activities, and some educational materials, for primary and secondary education. The focus lies on cultural activities, such as dance and music, however and not so much on the Ulster Scots language.((Website of the Ulster-Scots | + | ===The Ulster-Scots Community Network=== |
+ | [[http:// | ||
+ | It has also supported the development of some primary school materials((Hagan, L. & Visser, M. (Ed.) (2020). // | ||
=== Ministerial Advisory Group on the Ulster-Scots Academy (MAGUS) === | === Ministerial Advisory Group on the Ulster-Scots Academy (MAGUS) === | ||
- | Another institution that plays an important role in the planning of policies in relation to Ulster-Scots is the Ministerial Advisory Group on the Ulster-Scots Academy (MAGUS), which was formed in March 2011 by the Minister for Culture, Arts and Leisure((MAGUS - Creativity NI. (n.d.). Retrieved May 25, 2017, from http:// | + | Another institution that played |
* to produce a holistic multi-year development and research strategy for the Ulster-Scots sector, | * to produce a holistic multi-year development and research strategy for the Ulster-Scots sector, | ||
* to oversee the implementation of the strategy, | * to oversee the implementation of the strategy, | ||
Line 87: | Line 173: | ||
The term of the Board of the MAGUS ended on 31 December 2015 ((Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure. (2016). Strategy to Enhance and Develop the ULSTER-SCOTS Language, Heritage and Culture 2015 – 2035 One year on. Belfast: Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure. Retrieved from https:// | The term of the Board of the MAGUS ended on 31 December 2015 ((Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure. (2016). Strategy to Enhance and Develop the ULSTER-SCOTS Language, Heritage and Culture 2015 – 2035 One year on. Belfast: Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure. Retrieved from https:// | ||
- | === Strategy to Enhance and Develop the Ulster-Scots Language | + | ==== Financial support ==== |
- | In January 2015, the Minister of Culture, Arts and Leisure, Carál Ní Chuilín, launched the ‘Strategy to Enhance and Develop the Ulster-Scots Language, Heritage and Culture 2015-2035' | + | |
- | * an increased public recognition of and respect for the Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture at home and abroad; | + | |
- | * an increased positive attitudes towards the Ulster-Scots language throughout all of the community; | + | |
- | * an improved visibility of Ulster Scots through increased access to quality public service broadcasting; | + | |
- | * a sustainable, | + | |
- | * the establishment of a quality, thriving, sustainable Ulster-Scots Academy; | + | |
- | * an increased visibility of and accessibility to quality Ulster-Scots provision in the education system; | + | |
- | * an agreed standard written form of Ulster Scots; and | + | |
- | * quality Ulster-Scots language, heritage and culture research findings which are disseminated widely and impact positively on the future of Ulster Scots. ((Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure. (2016). Strategy to Enhance and Develop the ULSTER-SCOTS Language, Heritage and Culture 2015 – 2035 One year on. Belfast: Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure. Retrieved from https:// | + | |
- | As a result of the implementation | + | The Ulster-Scots Agency is funded by the Department for Communites in Northern Ireland and the Department |
- | ===== Education | + | The CCEA has received a few resources |
- | Ulster-Scots | + | |
- | Ulster-Scots language medium | + | In 2013, the Ulster University received funding from the Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure on the advice of the MAGUS to create the Ulster-Scots |
+ | ==== Teacher Training ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ulster-Scots is not included in primary and in-service teacher training, though at secondary teacher training, students are allowed to incorporate Ulster-Scots work ((Hagan, L. & Visser, M. (Ed.) (2020). // | ||
==== Learning materials ==== | ==== Learning materials ==== | ||
- | Learning materials for Ulster-Scots in primary education have been developed by the [[http:// | + | |
+ | Learning materials for Ulster-Scots in primary education have been developed by the Ulster Scots Agency in collaboration with the Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment (CCEA): // | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Education in practice ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====pre-school education==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Curricular Guidance for Pre-School Education states that children for whom English is an additional language and those who are being taught through the medium of Irish should be supported, but Ulster-Scots is not explicitly mentioned ((Council for the Curriculum Examinations and Assessment | ||
+ | ====primary school education ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ulster-Scots is not taught as a subject or used as a medium of instruction, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====secondary school education ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ulster-Scots is not taught as a subject or used as a medium of instruction, | ||
+ | ====higher education ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ulster-Scots is not offered as undergraduate programme, though may be included in some projects, such as the [[languages: | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Ulster University hosts //The centre for Ulster-Scots research in Irish and Scottish studies//, which also aims to develop further teaching and new project at undergraduate and postgraduate level ((Ulster University. (n.d.). //About our Ulster Scots Research//. [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
===== Learning resources and educational institutions ===== | ===== Learning resources and educational institutions ===== | ||
- | The following institutions provide language education and learning | + | ====online |
- | * Ulster University - [[http:// | + | |
- | * Ulster-Scots Academy - [[http:// | + | |
- | * Ulster-Scots Primary - [[http:// | + | |
- | ==== Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment (CCEA) | + | === teaching materials=== |
- | The Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment has on its website [[http:// | + | |
- | Within the context of the Strategy 2015-2035, the CCEA is developing fifteen units of work for post-primary schools((Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure. | + | * [[http:// |
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[http://www.ulsterscotsacademy.com/ | ||
+ | * [[https://discoverulsterscots.com/ | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
- | The teaching of Ulster-Scots does not limit itself to getting students to become literate | + | ===dictionaries |
- | ==== Ulster Scots Agency ==== | + | * [[http:// |
- | The Ulster-Scots | + | * [[http:// |
+ | * [[http://www.ulsterscotsacademy.com/words/hamely-tongue/ | ||
- | The Ulster-Scots Agency gives a prize to schools that are committed to the teaching and promotion of Ulster-Scots. This prize is called the Ulster-Scots Flagship Award. The program enables primary schools to develop high quality educational opportunities for children in order to learn about the Ulster-Scots heritage and culture((Flagship Schools Award. (n.d.). Retrieved May 28, 2017, from http:// | ||
- | One of the last initiatives launched by the Ulster-Scots Agency is the [[http:// | + | ====organisations==== |
+ | |||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[http://www.ulsterscotsacademy.com/|The Ulster-Scots Academy]], | ||
+ | * part of the [[http://www.ulsterscotslanguage.com/|Ulster-Scots Language Society]] | ||
+ | * [[https://ccea.org.uk/|The Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment | ||
+ | * [[http:// | ||
- | Other useful links: | ||
- | * Department of Communities - Languages- [[https:// | ||
---- | ---- | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
====== Mercator' | ====== Mercator' | ||
- | [[http:// | + | [[http:// |
languages/ulster_scots_in_the_uk.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/15 13:20 by ydwine