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--- languages:frisian_in_the_netherlands [2025/07/16 10:26] – [Secondary education] ydwine
+++ languages:frisian_in_the_netherlands [2025/07/16 12:32] (current) – [Speaker numbers] ydwine
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 ^survey ^Can understand ^ Can speak ^ Can read ^ Can write ^
-| 2015((Provinsje Fryslân. (2015). //Fryske Taalatlas 2015//[Frisian Language Atlas 2015]. Provinsje Fryslân.[[http://afuk.frl/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/012015-taalatlas-frysk-1e-druk.pdf]]))| 94% | 67% | 52% | 15%|
+| 2015((Provinsje Fryslân. (2015). //Fryske Taalatlas 2015//[Frisian Language Atlas 2015]. Provinsje Fryslân.[[http://afuk.frl/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/012015-taalatlas-frysk-1e-druk.pdf]]))| 94%* | 67% | 52% | 15%|
 | 2018((Klinkenberg, E. L., Stefan, M. H., & Jonkman, R. J. (2018). //Taal yn Fryslân. De folgjende generaasje //[Language in Friesland. The next generation]. Provinsje Fryslân. [[https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/nl/publications/taal-yn-frysl%C3%A2n-de-folgjende-generaasje-2018]].)) | 89% | 69% | 58% | 18% |
-| 2020((Provinsje Fryslân. (2020). //Fryske Taalatlas 2020// [Frisian Language Atlas 2020]. Provinsje Fryslân.[[https://www.fryslan.frl/_flysystem/media/Fryske%20Taalatlas%202020%20%28Nederlands%29.pdf]])) | 93% | 64% | 52% | 16% |
+| 2020((Provinsje Fryslân. (2020). //Fryske Taalatlas 2020// [Frisian Language Atlas 2020]. Provinsje Fryslân.[[https://www.fryslan.frl/_flysystem/media/Fryske%20Taalatlas%202020%20%28Nederlands%29.pdf]])) | 84% | 64% | 52% | 16% |
-<sup>Table 1. People in Fryslân (in %) who mark their Frisian language skills to be good or very good</sup>
+<sup>Table 1. People in Fryslân (in %) who mark their Frisian language skills to be good or very good. *this percentage also includes the people who indicated to understand the language reasonably well, .</sup>
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 Frisian language teachers can attend in-service training and support or advise via e.g. educational support centre Cedin, NHL Stenden NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, or the Frisian language teacher interest group [[https://levendetalen.nl/talensecties/sectie-fries/|Levende Talen]].
+==== Learning materials ====
+There are many teaching materials for various education levels, from pre-school education to higher education. Most learning materials for primary and secondary education are commissioned and subsidised by the provincial government of Fryslân. The past few years digital materials have been developed as well. Materials are mainly being developed mainly by [[http://afuk.frl/|Afûk]] and [[https://www.cedin.nl/|Cedin]]. Many materials are collected in the database of //[[https://taalplan.frl/oanbod/|Taalplan Frysk]]//, which can be sorted into educational levels.
+Reading in Frisian is promoted via e.g. the //[[https://berneboekeambassadeur.frl/|Berneboeke-ambassadeur]]//, an ambassador for children books who visits schools, the //Fryske berneboekewike// (week of the Frisian children's books), and/or the //[[https://lesmarfoar.frl/|lês-mar-foar-wiken]]// (read aloud weeks) every September.
+===pre-school education===
+The [[http://www.tomke.nl/|Tomke-project]], set up in 1996 by several institutes, is a popular resource for Frisian, and includes stories, rhymes, songs, and games for preschoolers. All concern a Frisian preschooler named Tomke. A questionnaire (November 2013 - March 2014) among preschool group leaders revealed that 81% used materials from the Tomke project on a daily basis ((Varkevisser, N. (2014). //Tomke inventarisatie-onderzoek// [survey regarding Tomke]. Afûk. [[https://backend.tomke.nl/storage/file/rapport-tomke-inventarisatie-onderzoek-2014.pdf]].))
+===primary education===
+For primary education, there is the digital Frisian learning method //Spoar 8// (track 8), which is used by the majority of primary schools((Varkevisser, N. A., Visser, F., Walsweer, A. (2023). //It is mei sizzen net te dwaan: 1-mjitting primêr ûnderwiis// [Less talk, more action: 1-measurement primary education]. Provinsje Fryslân.)). It has learning activities (e.g. thematic lessons, projects, reading activities) for all primary school years.
+//[[https://keimpe.frl/|Keimpe de Krokodil]]// (Keimpe the crocodile) promotes reading among primary school children aged 4-8 years. Activities are included in //Spoar 8.//
+===secondary education===
+For secondary education, there is also a digital Frisian learning method, //Searje 36// (Series 36). It has many resources for the first year, but also has activities for the higher years (including the final, exam classes), which is used by the majority of secondary schools which teach Frisian ((Varkevisser, N. A., Visser, F., Walsweer, A., Sjoerdstra, W.(2023). //It is mei sizzen net te dwaan: 1-mjitting fuortset ûnderwiis// [Less talk, more action: 1-measurement secondar education]. Provinsje Fryslân.)).
+===vocational education===
+The project //wy binne mbu// is the main initiator for the development of Frisian teaching materials for vocational education. These include multilingual reading materials, //[[https://wybinnembu.frl/lesmateriaal/bookzines/|bookzines]]//, practical assignments, and language learning activities.
+===adult education===
+There are various course books, developed by the Afûk, for adult education.
 ==== Inspection of compliance with educational legislation ====
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 | 46 | F | writing, reading, language perception, speaking, listening |
 | 21 | G | everything* |
-<sub>Table 2. An overview of primary schools, and the given profiles to reflect the implemented attainment targets (p.36)((Varkevisser, N.A. & Waslweer, A. //It is mei sizzen net te dwaan: rapport Taalplan Frysk//. Provinsje Fryslân. [[https://taalplan.frl/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Rapport-I-tis-mei-sizzen-net-te-dwaan-Taalplan-Frysk-2030-FRL.pdf]].)). </sub>\\
+<sub>Table 2. An overview of primary schools in 2018, and the given profiles to reflect the implemented attainment targets (p.36)((Varkevisser, N.A. & Waslweer, A. //It is mei sizzen net te dwaan: rapport Taalplan Frysk//. Provinsje Fryslân. [[https://taalplan.frl/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Rapport-I-tis-mei-sizzen-net-te-dwaan-Taalplan-Frysk-2030-FRL.pdf]].)). </sub>\\
 <sub>* These are mostly the schools outside of the Frisian language area: the Wadden Islands and the Stellingwerven</sub>
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 In 2018, six secondary schools offered trilingual education((Varkevisser, N.A. & Walsweer, A. //It is mei sizzen net te dwaan: rapport Taalplan Frysk// [Less talk, more action:report language Plan Frisian]. Provinsje Fryslân. [[https://taalplan.frl/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Rapport-I-tis-mei-sizzen-net-te-dwaan-Taalplan-Frysk-2030-FRL.pdf]].)). In 2021, there were five secondary schools with multilingual education, under the new concept of //Taalryk// (rich in language)((Varkevisser, N.A., Visser, F., Walsweer, A. & Sjoerdstra, W. (2023). //It is mei sizzen net te dwaan: 1-mjitting fuortset ûnderwiis// [Less talk, more action: 1-measurement secondary education]. Provinsje Fryslân.)).
-==== Learning materials ====
-The [[http://www.tomke.nl/|Tomke-project]], set up in 1996 by several institutes, includes stories, rhymes, songs, and games for preschoolers. All concern a Frisian preschooler named Tomke. A questionnaire from November 2013 among preschool group leaders revealed that 81% used materials from the Tomke project on a daily basis ((Varkevisser, Nynke, ‘[[http://tomke.nl/media/userfiles/files/Rapport%20Tomke%20inventarisatie%20onderzoek%202014.pdf|Tomke inventarisatie-onderzoek]]’ (Afûk, 2014) )).
-Learning materials for primary and seconday education are commissioned and subsidized by the Province of Fryslân. The past few years digital materials have been developed. All materials are mainly being developed mainly by [[http://afuk.frl/|Afûk]] and [[https://www.cedin.nl/|Cedin]] ((Retrieved from the [[https://www.fryslan.frl/over-de-provincie/onderwijs_41999/|Province of Fryslân website]])).
 ==== Vocational education ====
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 The Chair //Fryske Taal en Kultuer// (Frisian language and culture) is held by interim professor Arjen Versloot since February 2023, after the previous professor retired in December 2022 ((Omrop Fryslân. (2023, February 8). //Arjen Versloot oansteld as ynterim heechlearaar Frysk yn Grins// [Arjen Versloot appointed a interim professor for Frisian in Groningen]. Omrop Fryslân. [[https://www.omropfryslan.nl/fy/nijs/1195225/arjen-versloot-oansteld-as-ynterim-heechlearaar-frysk-yn-grins]].)).
+ Some Frisian courses are also offered at the University of Amsterdam, where there is a chair for //Germaanse taalkunde, in het bijzonder de Duitse, Scandinavische en Friese talen// (English:Germanic linguistics, especially German, Scandinavian and Frisian languages), held by prof. Arjen Versloot. The chair //Sociolinguïstiek, met bijzondere aandacht voor de taalsituatie in Fryslân// (English: Sociolinguistics, with particular attention to the language situation in Fryslân) at the University of Utrecht is held by prof. Hans van de Velde. Finally, at the Christian-Albrecht University, Kiel (Germany), a Frisian bachelor and master degree are available (with the focus on North Frisian), with a chair for //Frisistik//, Frisian studies.
-Some Frisian courses are also offered at the University of Amsterdam, where there is a chair for //Germaanse taalkunde, in het bijzonder de Duitse, Scandinavische en Friese talen// (English:Germanic linguistics, especially German, Scandinavian and Frisian languages), held by prof. Arjen Versloot.
-The chair //Sociolinguïstiek, met bijzondere aandacht voor de taalsituatie in Fryslân// (English: Sociolinguistics, with particular attention to the language situation in Fryslân) at the University of Utrecht is held by prof. Hans van de Velde.
-At the Christian-Albrecht University, Kiel (Germany), a Frisian bachelor and master degree are available (with the focus on North Frisian), with a chair for //Frisistik//, Frisian studies.