languages:mirandes_in_portugal
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languages:mirandes_in_portugal [2017/12/10 22:23] – [Education presence] sara_pinho | languages:mirandes_in_portugal [2018/08/31 12:17] – [Legislation of language education] johanneke | ||
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==== Language standardization ==== | ==== Language standardization ==== | ||
- | There is a [[http:// | + | A [[http:// |
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==== Speaker numbers ==== | ==== Speaker numbers ==== | ||
- | Many cite 15.000 as the number of speakers of Mirandese; however, this is number is most likely too high, even though there is no certainty of how many speakers there really are. It is estimated that there should be around 5000 speakers in the region of Miranda do Douro, and, approximately, | + | Many cite 15.000 as the number of speakers of Mirandese; however, this is number is most likely too high. It is estimated that there should be around 5000 speakers in the region of Miranda do Douro, and, approximately, |
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====== Education of the language ====== | ====== Education of the language ====== | ||
===== History of language education: ===== | ===== History of language education: ===== | ||
- | Mirandese was until very late a language transmitted at home from generation to generation. Only in the eighties did the necessity to teach the language in school | + | Mirandese was until recently |
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===== Legislation of language education ===== | ===== Legislation of language education ===== | ||
- | In 1999, the Portuguese Parliament officially recognized linguistic rights to the Mirandese community ((Portuguese Parliament, //Law no. 7/99 (from 29th January). Reconhecimento oficial de direitos linguísticos da comunidade mirandesa.// | + | In 1999, the Portuguese Parliament officially recognized linguistic rights to the Mirandese community ((Portuguese Parliament, //Law no. 7/99 (from 29th January). Reconhecimento oficial de direitos linguísticos da comunidade mirandesa.// |
* The right to cultivate and promote the Mirandese language, as a culture, an instrument of communication and identity of the land of Miranda; | * The right to cultivate and promote the Mirandese language, as a culture, an instrument of communication and identity of the land of Miranda; | ||
* The right of the child to learn Mirandese is recognized; | * The right of the child to learn Mirandese is recognized; | ||
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The Portuguese Constitution does not mention the Mirandese language. And Portugal has not signed the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. | The Portuguese Constitution does not mention the Mirandese language. And Portugal has not signed the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. | ||
===== Institutional support for education of the language: ===== | ===== Institutional support for education of the language: ===== | ||
- | + | Even though Mirandese has been taught in schools for 30 years teaching | |
- | If information is available, please discuss whether: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | * there are learning materials being developed, | + | |
- | * these materials | + | |
- | * these materials are commissioned or their development subsidized by the regional or national government, | + | |
- | + | ||
- | * there is training | + | |
- | * there are sufficient teachers and if they are competent, | + | |
- | * there is a teacher' | + | |
- | * teacher training is subsidized by the regional or national government, | + | |
- | + | ||
- | * language education is promoted by an institution, | + | |
- | * promotion | + | |
- | + | ||
- | * the quality | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Feel free to add additional points, not included | + | |
==== Language learning materials: ==== | ==== Language learning materials: ==== | ||
+ | There are some books for children, frequently used as school books for the younger, resulting from the collection of Mirandese short stories that were transmitted orally, | ||
===== Education presence ===== | ===== Education presence ===== | ||
__Enrollments in the Course of Mirandese Language and Culture in the School Group of Miranda do Douro__ ((Margarete Silva, //Língua mirandesa, ou a revitalização de uma língua em vias de desaparecimento// | __Enrollments in the Course of Mirandese Language and Culture in the School Group of Miranda do Douro__ ((Margarete Silva, //Língua mirandesa, ou a revitalização de uma língua em vias de desaparecimento// | ||
- | 1996/ | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | ^ Year ^ Preschool |
- | | 0 | + | | 1996/ |
- | 1997/ | + | | 1997/ |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | | 1998/ |
- | | 0 | + | | 1999/ |
- | 1998/1999 | + | | 2000/ |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | | 2001/ |
- | | 0 | + | | 2002/ |
- | 1999/2000 | + | | 2003/ |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | | 2004/ |
- | | 0 | + | | 2005/ |
- | 2000/2001 | + | | 2006/ |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | | 2007/ |
- | | 0 | + | | 2008/ |
- | 2001/2002 | + | | 2009/ |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | | 2010/ |
- | | 0 | + | | 2011/ |
- | 2002/2003 | + | | 2012/ |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | | 2013/ |
- | | 0 | + | | 2014/ |
- | 2003/2004 | + | | 2015/ |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 0 | + | |
- | 2004/2005 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 55 | 101 | + | |
- | 2005/2006 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 25 | 56 | 41 | + | |
- | 2006/2007 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 61 | 148 | + | |
- | 2007/2008 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 70 | 130 | + | |
- | 2008/2009 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 71 | 120 | + | |
- | 2009/2010 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 75 | 122 | + | |
- | 2010/2011 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 80 | 180 | + | |
- | 2011/2012 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 121 | + | |
- | 2012/2013 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 132 | + | |
- | 2013/3014 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 114 | + | |
- | 2014/2015 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 85 | 182 | + | |
- | 2015/2016 | + | |
- | ^ Preschool ^ 1st to 4th grades ^ 5th and 6th grades ^ 7th to 9th grades ^ Secondary school ^ | + | |
- | | 95 | 188 | + | |
- | As can be seen in these tables, Mirandese is taught in all years until university. It is still an optional, extra-curricular course, which could explain why in secondary school there are so few students enrolled in the course. It is only taught for an hour a week, and, in general, there is lack of suitable materials, as well as a lack of support to train teachers ((Amadeu Ferreira, //O Mínimo sobre a língua mirandesa// (2010), < | + | As can be seen in these tables, Mirandese is taught in all years until university. It is still an optional, extra-curricular course, which could explain why in secondary school there are so few students enrolled in the course. It is only taught for an hour a week, and, in general, there is a lack of suitable materials, as well as a lack of support to train teachers ((Amadeu Ferreira, //O Mínimo sobre a língua mirandesa// (2010), < |
There used to be a course of Mirandese at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, but it has unfortunately been abandoned ((Amadeu Ferreira, //O Mínimo sobre a língua mirandesa// (2010), < | There used to be a course of Mirandese at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, but it has unfortunately been abandoned ((Amadeu Ferreira, //O Mínimo sobre a língua mirandesa// (2010), < | ||
However, there are several organizations that provide courses every once in a while: [[https:// | However, there are several organizations that provide courses every once in a while: [[https:// | ||
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- | Can you say anything about to what extent education of the language helps to preserve it: | ||
- | * Do students use the language outside of school? | ||
- | * Does the fact that the language is being taught in school add to its prestige, and the speakers' | ||
- | |||
- | Feel free to add additional points, not included in the list above, and to structure your information using chapter headings. | ||
===== Online learning resources ===== | ===== Online learning resources ===== |
languages/mirandes_in_portugal.txt · Last modified: 2020/10/05 10:25 by ydwine