Differences

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--- languages:kashub_in_poland [2020/03/04 09:18] – [Education in practice] ydwine
+++ languages:kashub_in_poland [2024/10/16 11:43] (current) – [Language vitality according to:] ydwine
@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==== Language vitality according to: ====
-^ [[http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/|UNESCO]]          ^ [[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/csb/|Ethnologue]]  ^ [[http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3453|Endangered Languages]]  ^
+^  [[https://en.wal.unesco.org/countries/poland/languages/kashubian|UNESCO]]  ^ [[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/csb/|Ethnologue]]  ^ [[http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3453|Endangered Languages]]  ^  [[https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/kash1274|Glottolog]]  ^
-| {{ :endangerment:orange.png?nolink |Severely Endangered}}  | {{ :endangerment:red.png?nolink |Moribund }}             | {{ :endangerment:orange.png?nolink |Vulnerable}}                        |
+|  {{:endangerment:blue.png?nolink|Potentially vulnerable}}  |  {{:endangerment:orange.png?nolink|Endangered}}  |  {{:endangerment:blue.png?nolink|Vulnerable}}  |  {{:endangerment:yellow.png?nolink|Threatened}}  |
 ==== Linguistic aspects: ====
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 ==== Language standardization ====
-Agreement on a unified spelling system for literary Kashubian was reached in 1996 (([[http://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/dossiers_pdf/kashubian_in_poland.pdf|Mercator Regional Dossier: //Kashubian in Poland//, 2004]]))
+Agreement on a unified spelling system for literary Kashubian was reached in 1996 ((Mercator European Research Centre (2004). Kashubian - The Kashubian language in education in Poland. Mercator European Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]])).
+=== quote on linguistic distance to the standardized form ===
+//"I started to learn Kashubian at school and then I decided to take the Kashubian final exam. I said to my mum: 'You have to speak Kashubian with me now'. And we started to speak Kashubian. But once my mum said to me that I spoke a different Kashubian and that it would be better for me not to hear her uneducated language. And she refused to speak Kashubian with me".//((Excerpt from Nicole Dolowy-Wybinska, ‘Young Kashubs and Language Policy: Between Officialisation and Community’, in Policy and Planning for Endangered Languages, by Mari C. Jones (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015)
+))
@@ Line 42: / Line 47: @@
 ===== National legislation: ======
-The //Law  on  the  system  of  educatio// of  1991 gives pupils the right to maintain their national, ethnic, religious and  linguistic  identity. Classes in/on their mother tongue, history and culture are allowed((Mercator Research Centre. (2004). //Kashubian: the Kashubian language in education in Poland.//Mercator Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]].)).
+The //Law  on  the  system  of  educatio// of  1991 gives pupils the right to maintain their national, ethnic, religious and  linguistic  identity. Classes in/on their mother tongue, history and culture are allowed((Mercator European Research Centre (2004). Kashubian - The Kashubian language in education in Poland. Mercator European Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]])).
-The //Decree of the Minister of National Education and Sports on conditions and methods for enabling pupils belonging to national minorities and ethnic groups to maintain their national, ethnic and linguistic identity// of 2002((Mercator Research Centre. (2004). //Kashubian: the Kashubian language in education in Poland.//Mercator Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]].)).
+The //Decree of the Minister of National Education and Sports on conditions and methods for enabling pupils belonging to national minorities and ethnic groups to maintain their national, ethnic and linguistic identity// of 2002((Mercator European Research Centre (2004). Kashubian - The Kashubian language in education in Poland. Mercator European Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]])).
 Poland's [[http://ksng.gugik.gov.pl/english/files/act_on_national_minorities.pdf|Act on National and Ethnic Minorities and the Regional Language (2005)]] states that:
@@ Line 61: / Line 66: @@
-Primary schools offering Kashubian classes in 2003/2004((Mercator Research Centre. (2004). //Kashubian: the Kashubian language in education in Poland.//Mercator Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]].)).
+Primary schools offering Kashubian classes in 2003/2004((Mercator European Research Centre (2004). Kashubian - The Kashubian language in education in Poland. Mercator European Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]])).
 |//Subject// | //Number of schools// |// Hours per week// |// Number of children// |
@@ Line 75: / Line 80: @@
 | | 4 | 1 | |
-=== quote on linguistic distance to the standardized form ===
+Lower secondary schools offering Kashubian classes in 2003/2004((Mercator European Research Centre (2004). Kashubian - The Kashubian language in education in Poland. Mercator European Research Centre. [[https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/kashubian_in_poland.pdf]])).
+|//Subject// | //Number of schools// |// Hours per week// |// Number of children// |
+| Kashubian language | 5 | 3 | total: 179 |
+| | 1 | 2 | |
+| | 1 | 1 | |
+|Kashubian language and regional culture | 3 | 2 | total:159 |
+|Regional education with elements of Kashubian language | 2 | 2 | total: 108 |
+| | 2 | 1 | |
-//"I started to learn Kashubian at school and then I decided to take the Kashubian final exam. I said to my mum: 'You have to speak Kashubian with me now'. And we started to speak Kashubian. But once my mum said to me that I spoke a different Kashubian and that it would be better for me not to hear her uneducated language. And she refused to speak Kashubian with me".//((Excerpt from Nicole Dolowy-Wybinska, ‘Young Kashubs and Language Policy: Between Officialisation and Community’, in Policy and Planning for Endangered Languages, by Mari C. Jones (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015)
-))
-----
 ====== Learning resources and educational institutions ======
   * [[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kashubian.htm|Omniglot]] with phrases and numbers
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PVg68TjQ3k4|The Sound of the Kashubian language]] with numbers, phrases and a text
   * [[http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3454/guide|Endangered Languages]] videos
   * [[https://baltoslav.eu/hulnia/csb.php?mova=en|Kashubian words in pictures]], a game