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languages:irish_in_ireland [2020/03/24 08:48] – [Educational legislation:] ydwinelanguages:irish_in_ireland [2024/10/16 10:50] (current) – [Language vitality according to:] ydwine
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 ==== Language vitality according to: ==== ==== Language vitality according to: ====
-^ [[http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/|UNESCO]] ^ [[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/gle/|Ethnologue]] ^ [[http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3437|Endangered Languages]] ^ + 
-| {{ :endangerment:yellow.png?nolink |definitely endangered}} | {{ :endangerment:purple.png?nolink |}} | {{ :endangerment:red.png?nolink | Endangered}} |+^ [[https://en.wal.unesco.org/languages/irish|UNESCO]] ^ [[https://www.ethnologue.com/language/gle/|Ethnologue]]  ^ [[http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3437|Endangered Languages]]  ^  [[https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/iris1253|Glottolog]]   ^ 
 +|  {{:endangerment:yellow.png?nolink|definitely endangered}}  |  {{:endangerment:orange.png?nolink|Endangered}}  |  {{:endangerment:yellow.png?nolink| Endangered}}  |  {{:endangerment:yellow.png?nolink|Shifting}}  |
  
  
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 ====== Language and education legislation ====== ====== Language and education legislation ======
 ===== History of language education: ===== ===== History of language education: =====
-Inscriptions in Ogham from the 4th and 5th centuries are the earliest known forms of the Irish language, pre-dating Old Irish. The period between the 6th and 9th century saw the flourishing of Ireland’s Golden Age. This early period also provided a variety of literature in Old Irish which is considered the earliest vernacular example in Europe. The cumulative effect of colonisation, plantation and suppression, particularly from the 16th century onwards, led to the elimination of the Irish-speaking aristocracy and their institutions. Additionally, catastrophic famine, emigration and epidemics decimated the Irish-speaking rural indigenous population during the 19th century, all factors which led to a language shift to English. Language restoration efforts by voluntary organisations began in the early 20th century (([[http://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/dossiers_pdf/irish_in_ireland_2nd.pdf|Mercator Regional Dossier: The Irish language in education in the Republic of Ireland 2nd]])). With the emergence of the free state in 1921, Irish was made the national language, and outside the Gaeltacht, or traditional heartland of the language, education was seen as the main tool in language revival. In the 1980's only 3% of secondary students were receiving Irish-medium education. ((Edwards, Vic, ‘Education and the Development of Early Childhood Bilingualism’, in Voces Diversae: Lesser-Used Language Education in Europe, ed. by Dónall Ó Riagáin, Belfast Studies in Language, Culture and Politics, 15 (Belfast: Cló Ollscoil na Banríona, 2006)+Inscriptions in Ogham from the 4th and 5th centuries are the earliest known forms of the Irish language, pre-dating Old Irish. The period between the 6th and 9th century saw the flourishing of Ireland’s Golden Age. This early period also provided a variety of literature in Old Irish which is considered the earliest vernacular example in Europe. The cumulative effect of colonisation, plantation and suppression, particularly from the 16th century onwards, led to the elimination of the Irish-speaking aristocracy and their institutions. Additionally, catastrophic famine, emigration and epidemics decimated the Irish-speaking rural indigenous population during the 19th century, all factors which led to a language shift to English. Language restoration efforts by voluntary organisations began in the early 20th century (([[http://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/dossiers_pdf/irish_in_ireland_2nd.pdf|Mercator Regional Dossier: The Irish language in education in the Republic of Ireland 2nd]])). With the emergence of the free state in 1921, Irish was made the national language, and outside the Gaeltacht, or traditional heartland of the language, education was seen as the main tool in language revival. In the 1980's 3% of secondary students were receiving Irish-medium education. ((Edwards, Vic, ‘Education and the Development of Early Childhood Bilingualism’, in Voces Diversae: Lesser-Used Language Education in Europe, ed. by Dónall Ó Riagáin, Belfast Studies in Language, Culture and Politics, 15 (Belfast: Cló Ollscoil na Banríona, 2006)
 )) ))
  
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 === The Education Act === === The Education Act ===
  
-The [http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1998/act/51/enacted/en/html|Education Act]] (1998) gives the Irish language a prominent role in education. +The [[http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1998/act/51/enacted/en/html|Education Act]] (1998) gives the Irish language a prominent role in education. 
  
 Article 2 of the Education Act (1998), states, among other things, the following goals:  Article 2 of the Education Act (1998), states, among other things, the following goals: 
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 The [[https://www.chg.gov.ie/app/uploads/2015/07/20-Year-Strategy-English-version.pdf|20 Year Language Strategy for the Irish Language 2010-2030]] is national language policy to increase the number of daily speakers of Irish, ensure visibility of the Irish language and promote the qual standing of both official languages.  The [[https://www.chg.gov.ie/app/uploads/2015/07/20-Year-Strategy-English-version.pdf|20 Year Language Strategy for the Irish Language 2010-2030]] is national language policy to increase the number of daily speakers of Irish, ensure visibility of the Irish language and promote the qual standing of both official languages. 
-Amongst other so-called areas of action, there is policy concerning Education:+For Education, the strategy aims to: 
 +  * enhance and extend ability in Irish more deeply and among larger numbers of people; 
 +  * reverse negative attitudes towards Irish language usage and foster positive attitudes in their place; 
 +  * expand the available opportunities for use of Irish within the education system by extending Irish as a medium of instruction, as well as a subject, and by linking school language learning to the informal use of Irish in recreational, cultural and other out-of-school activities.  
  
  
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 === Ongoing projects === === Ongoing projects ===
-  * The National Council for Curriculum and Assessment  developed AISTEAR (Journey) in 2009, the Early Childhood Curriculum Framework, for children from birth to six years of age. It is based on four themes and is directed at practitioners and parents. [[http://www.ncca.ie/en/Curriculum_and_Assessment/Early_Childhood_and_Primary_Education/Early_Childhood_Education/]] 
  
-  * Comhar na Naíonraí Gaeltachta (Partnership of Gaeltacht Naíonraí) in collaboration with the Dublin Institute of Technology, has developed a specific curriculum for language enrichment and development with Gaeltacht children, entitled Loinnir (Radiance/Brightness), and has published a number of books and CDs featuring rhymes and songs from local traditions. +  * [[http://www.comharnaionrai.ie/english.php|Comhar na Naíonraí Gaeltachta]] (Partnership of Gaeltacht Naíonraí) provides early years services (for naíonraí, crèches, breakfast clubs, afterschool services and parent and toddler groups in the Gaeltacht areas as well as administration, support and training) through the medium of Irish. \\ In collaboration with the Dublin Institute of Technology, CNNG developed a specific curriculum for language enrichment and development with Gaeltacht children, entitled Loinnir (Radiance/Brightness), and has published a number of books and CDs featuring rhymes and songs from local traditions.  
 + 
 +  * The National Council for Curriculum and Assessment  developed [[https://ncca.ie/en/early-childhood/aistear/|AISTEAR]] (Journey) in 2009, the Early Childhood Curriculum Framework, for children from birth to six years of age. It is based on four themes and is directed at practitioners and parents.  
 + 
 ===== Primary education ===== ===== Primary education =====
  
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 ====== Learning resources and educational institutions ====== ====== Learning resources and educational institutions ======
-  * Irish Early Childhood Education, CNNG: http://www.comharnaionrai.ie/english.php+ 
 +Organisations and istitutes 
 +  * [[http://www.comharnaionrai.ie/english.php|Comhar Naíonraí na Gaeltachta]]: CNNG, Irish Early Childhood Education 
 +  * [[http://www.gael-linn.ie/|Gael Linn]] operates Coláistí Samhraidh (summer colleges) in addition to school-based initiatives and inter-school debates. These summer colleges are organised by many groups during the summer months in all the Gaeltacht areas, usually for three weeks and with students staying with local Irish-speaking families. For most, it is their first encounter with social inter-personal use of Irish.
   * [[https://www.stpatricks.qld.edu.au/|St. Patrick’s College]], Thurles, in affiliation with the [[http://www.ul.ie/|University of Limerick]], offers Irish and education in combination with either religious or business studies.   * [[https://www.stpatricks.qld.edu.au/|St. Patrick’s College]], Thurles, in affiliation with the [[http://www.ul.ie/|University of Limerick]], offers Irish and education in combination with either religious or business studies.
-  * Gateway to the Irish language: http://www.gaeilge.ie/ 
   * [[http://www.colaistenabhfiann.ie/?lang=en|Coláiste na bhFiann]] is a youth organisation which runs summer courses but also organises clubs around the country during the year.    * [[http://www.colaistenabhfiann.ie/?lang=en|Coláiste na bhFiann]] is a youth organisation which runs summer courses but also organises clubs around the country during the year. 
-  * [[http://www.gael-linn.ie/|Gael Linn]] operates Coláistí Samhraidh (summer colleges) in addition to school-based initiatives and inter-school debates. These summer colleges are organised by many groups during the summer months in all the Gaeltacht areas, usually for three weeks and with students staying with local Irish-speaking families. For most, it is their first encounter with social inter-personal use of Irish.+ 
 + 
 +Online learning resources 
 +  * [[http://www.gaeilge.ie/|Gaeilge]]: gateway to the Irish language  
 +  * [[https://www.duolingo.com/enroll/ga/en/Learn-Irish|Duolingo]]: language learning application 
 +  * [[https://www.bitesize.irish/|Bitesize Irish]]: online learning platform 
 +  * [[http://multidict.net/clilstore/|CLILstore]]: online audio-visual learning materials 
 +  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dck0MNqz9QU&list=PLnyNxQk2MpZZMFcJybdysYK_ehWNNcqnk|Learn Irish]]: 6 Youtube lessons by Sian Ó Briain  
 +  * [[https://www.teanglann.ie/ga/|Foras na Gaeilge]]: dictionary English <-> Irish 
  
 ---- ----
 +
  
 ====== Mercator's Regional Dossier ====== ====== Mercator's Regional Dossier ======
languages/irish_in_ireland.1585036098.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/03/24 08:48 by ydwine