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languages:frisian_in_the_netherlands [2020/10/21 14:21]
ydwine [European legislation:]
languages:frisian_in_the_netherlands [2023/05/01 17:08] (current)
ydwine [Adult education]
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   * For more information about the commitments that the Netherlands have made regarding its minority languages, view the [[http://​www.coe.int/​en/​web/​conventions/​search-on-treaties/​-/​conventions/​treaty/​148/​declarations|Declarations]] page.   * For more information about the commitments that the Netherlands have made regarding its minority languages, view the [[http://​www.coe.int/​en/​web/​conventions/​search-on-treaties/​-/​conventions/​treaty/​148/​declarations|Declarations]] page.
   * Download the latest [[https://​rm.coe.int/​netherlands-pr6-en/​16809501de|report of the Netherlands]] (2019) and [[https://​rm.coe.int/​CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/​DisplayDCTMContent?​documentId=09000016806d8e13|report of the Council of Europe ]] (2016) for information about how well the Netherlands comply with the Charter'​s regulations.   * Download the latest [[https://​rm.coe.int/​netherlands-pr6-en/​16809501de|report of the Netherlands]] (2019) and [[https://​rm.coe.int/​CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/​DisplayDCTMContent?​documentId=09000016806d8e13|report of the Council of Europe ]] (2016) for information about how well the Netherlands comply with the Charter'​s regulations.
 +  * The Netherlands covers Frisian education at all levels with the Charter.
  
 === Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities === === Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities ===
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 ==== National legislation:​ ==== ==== National legislation:​ ====
 +
 +The Dutch law makes no mention of Frisian in preschool. The province of Fryslân however, states on its website that it encourages the use of the Frisian language in young children. "The province intends that many kindergartens and daycare centres conduct a bilingual Frisian-Dutch policy"​ ((Website of the Province of Fryslân: [[https://​www.fryslan.frl/​over-de-provincie/​onderwijs_41999/?​previewcode=557718a27d8d7f47831b4cb88b0bc8d9&​preview=2&​contentid=7201&​pub=0000-00-00&​exp=0000-00-00|Frisian language in Education]])). ​
 +
 +The Dutch law on primary education (Dutch: [[http://​wetten.overheid.nl/​BWBR0003420/​2016-08-01|Wet op het Primair Onderwijs]]) states that:
 +  * in primary education, classes are also taught in Frisian (in addition to Dutch and English);
 +  * Schools may request exemption from this.
 +
 +The Dutch law on secondary education (Dutch: [[http://​wetten.overheid.nl/​BWBR0002399/​2016-08-01|Wet op het Voortgezet Onderwijs]]) states that:
 +  * During the first two years of secondary education in the province of Fryslân, Frisian language and culture are part of the curriculum. ​
 +  * The Province of Fryslân prescribes these goals.
 +  * However, the core objectives of the curriculum, which apply tot the whole of the Netherlands,​ must be observed; ​
 +  * Schools may request exemption from teaching Frisian language and culture.
  
 De [[http://​wetten.overheid.nl/​BWBR0034047/​2014-01-01|Wet Gebruik Friese Taal 2014]] states that:  De [[http://​wetten.overheid.nl/​BWBR0034047/​2014-01-01|Wet Gebruik Friese Taal 2014]] states that: 
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 The province of Fryslân states that it "​stimulates the use of Frisian in young children. For instance, the provincie intends that many kindergartens and daycare centres have a bilingual Frisian-Dutch policy"​ ((Provinsje Fryslân. (n.d.). //Frysk yn it underwiis//​. Retrieved March 23 2020 from [[https://​www.fryslan.frl/​temas/​frysk-yn-it-underwiis_44286]].)). The province of Fryslân states that it "​stimulates the use of Frisian in young children. For instance, the provincie intends that many kindergartens and daycare centres have a bilingual Frisian-Dutch policy"​ ((Provinsje Fryslân. (n.d.). //Frysk yn it underwiis//​. Retrieved March 23 2020 from [[https://​www.fryslan.frl/​temas/​frysk-yn-it-underwiis_44286]].)).
  
-The province of Fryslân has the authority to exempt schools from [[https://​zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/​prb-2015-3671.html|certain conditions]] of Frisian education. ​For this, the province has a policy, [[https://​www.fryslan.frl/​temas/​taalplan-frysk_42014/​|Taalplan Frysk]]. However, the report from the [[https://​www.onderwijsinspectie.nl/​documenten/​themarapporten/​2019/​12/​05/​fries-in-het-primair-en-voortgezet-onderwijs|Inspectorate]] (2019) states that this policy reduces the ambitions of schools for Frisian education.  +The province of Fryslân has the authority to exempt schools from [[https://​zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/​prb-2015-3671.html|certain conditions]] of Frisian education. ​ ​The ​report from the [[https://​www.onderwijsinspectie.nl/​documenten/​themarapporten/​2019/​12/​05/​fries-in-het-primair-en-voortgezet-onderwijs|Inspectorate]] (2019) states that this policy reduces the ambitions of schools for Frisian education. ​
-==== Educational legislation:​ ==== +
-The Dutch law makes no mention of Frisian in preschool. The province of Fryslân however, states on its website that it encourages the use of the Frisian language in young children. "The province intends that many kindergartens and daycare centres conduct a bilingual Frisian-Dutch policy"​ ((Website of the Province of Fryslân: [[https://​www.fryslan.frl/​over-de-provincie/​onderwijs_41999/?​previewcode=557718a27d8d7f47831b4cb88b0bc8d9&​preview=2&​contentid=7201&​pub=0000-00-00&​exp=0000-00-00|Frisian language in Education]]))+
  
-The Dutch law on primary education (Dutch: [[http://​wetten.overheid.nl/​BWBR0003420/​2016-08-01|Wet op het Primair Onderwijs]]) states that: +In 2019, the provincial government ​of Fryslân ​launched a policy ​to elevate ​the education of Frisian y 2030:​[[https://​www.fryslan.frl/temas/taalplan-frysk_42014/|Taalplan Frysk]] (ENG: Language Plan Frisian).
-  * in primary educationclasses are also taught in Frisian (in addition to Dutch and English); +
-  * Schools may request exemption from this. +
- +
-The Dutch law on secondary education (Dutch: [[http://​wetten.overheid.nl/​BWBR0002399/​2016-08-01|Wet op het Voortgezet Onderwijs]]) states that: +
-  * During the first two years of secondary education in the province ​of Fryslân, Frisian language and culture are part of the curriculum.  +
-  * The Province of Fryslân prescribes these goals. +
-  * However, the core objectives of the curriculum, which apply tot the whole of the Netherlands,​ must be observed;  +
-  * Schools may request exemption from teaching Frisian language and culture. +
- +
-The Netherlands has declared paragraph 8, 2 (ii) of the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages: "to provide facilities for the study of these languages as university and higher ​education ​subjects"​ ((Council ​of Europe. (2020). //​Reservations and Declarations for Treaty No.148 - European Charter for Regional or Minority LanguagesDeclarations in force as of today, status as of 23/​03/​2020.//​ Retrieved from [[https://​www.coe.int/en/web/​conventions/​search-on-treaties/-/​conventions/​treaty/​148/​declarations]].)+
  
 ===== Support structure for education of the language ===== ===== Support structure for education of the language =====
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 ==== Financial support ==== ==== Financial support ====
  
-The Dutch Government does not provide extra funding ​for education ​in Fryslânbut the province ​of Fryslân does provide funding ​in some measure ​((Inspectie van het Onderwijs. (2019). //Sizzen is neat, mar dwaan is in ding: Frysk yn it primêr en fuortset ûnderwiis.//​. Retrieved from [[https://​www.onderwijsinspectie.nl/​documenten/​themarapporten/​2019/​12/​05/​fries-in-het-primair-en-voortgezet-onderwijs]].)).+Schools in Fryslân do not receive more structural ​funding ​from the Dutch Government than schools ​in other provinces. In 2020, the Dutch national government provided €174,000 for basic facilities for Frisian, and the Frisian provincial government structually provided €178,000 for Frisian classes as well as temporary subsidies ((Inspectie van het Onderwijs. (2019). //Sizzen is neat, mar dwaan is in ding: Frysk yn it primêr en fuortset ûnderwiis.//​. Retrieved from [[https://​www.onderwijsinspectie.nl/​documenten/​themarapporten/​2019/​12/​05/​fries-in-het-primair-en-voortgezet-onderwijs]].)). In light of [[languages:​frisian_in_the_netherlands#​Provincial legislation:​|Taalplan Frysk 2030]], both Dutch and Frisian governments contribute to Frisian primary and secondary school materials ((Inspectie van het Onderwijs. (2019). //Sizzen is neat, mar dwaan is in ding: Frysk yn it primêr en fuortset ûnderwiis.//​. Retrieved from [[https://​www.onderwijsinspectie.nl/​documenten/​themarapporten/​2019/​12/​05/​fries-in-het-primair-en-voortgezet-onderwijs]].)). 
 + 
 +The Frisian provincial government finances and organises the Frisian teacher training ​((Inspectie van het Onderwijs. (2019). //Sizzen is neat, mar dwaan is in ding: Frysk yn it primêr en fuortset ûnderwiis.//​. Retrieved from [[https://​www.onderwijsinspectie.nl/​documenten/​themarapporten/​2019/​12/​05/​fries-in-het-primair-en-voortgezet-onderwijs]].)).
 ===== Education in practice ===== ===== Education in practice =====
  
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 ===== Adult education ===== ===== Adult education =====
   * The [[http://​afuk.frl/​|Afûk]] offers Frisian language courses for adults.  ​   * The [[http://​afuk.frl/​|Afûk]] offers Frisian language courses for adults.  ​
-  * The [[https://​www.nhlstenden.com|NHL Stenden]] offers Frisian teacher training .+  * [[https://​www.nhlstenden.com|NHL Stenden]] offers Frisian teacher training.
   * The [[https://​www.rug.nl/​|University of Groningen]] has the Frisian department, which offers the three-year bachelor [[http://​www.rug.nl/​bachelors/​minorities-multilingualism/​|Minorities and Multilingualism]] with optional courses that focus on Frisian. There is also an educational master degree for Frisian.   * The [[https://​www.rug.nl/​|University of Groningen]] has the Frisian department, which offers the three-year bachelor [[http://​www.rug.nl/​bachelors/​minorities-multilingualism/​|Minorities and Multilingualism]] with optional courses that focus on Frisian. There is also an educational master degree for Frisian.
   * The [[https://​www.uva.nl/​discipline/​talen/​fries/​fries.html?​1584966849707|University of Amsterdam]] offers a minor Frisian.   * The [[https://​www.uva.nl/​discipline/​talen/​fries/​fries.html?​1584966849707|University of Amsterdam]] offers a minor Frisian.
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   * [[https://​www.languagesandnumbers.com/​how-to-count-in-west-frisian/​en/​fry/​|numbers]]   * [[https://​www.languagesandnumbers.com/​how-to-count-in-west-frisian/​en/​fry/​|numbers]]
  
-Institutes and organisations:+===Institutes and organisations===
   * [[http://​www.fryske-akademy.nl/​|Fryske Akademy]], studies the Frisian language, develops online dictionaries,​   * [[http://​www.fryske-akademy.nl/​|Fryske Akademy]], studies the Frisian language, develops online dictionaries,​
   * [[http://​afuk.frl/​|Afûk]] organizes language courses, publishes Frisian literature and sets up language awareness campiagns, e.g.:   * [[http://​afuk.frl/​|Afûk]] organizes language courses, publishes Frisian literature and sets up language awareness campiagns, e.g.:
languages/frisian_in_the_netherlands.1603282868.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/10/21 14:21 by ydwine

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