languages:breton_in_france
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languages:breton_in_france [2020/03/03 15:50] – [Education in practice] ydwine | languages:breton_in_france [2021/05/27 10:29] – [Language standardization:] ydwine | ||
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==== Language vitality: ==== | ==== Language vitality: ==== | ||
- | ^ [[http:// | + | ^ [[http:// |
- | | {{ : | + | | {{ : |
==== Linguistic aspects: ===== | ==== Linguistic aspects: ===== | ||
- | * Classification: | + | * Classification: |
* For more information, | * For more information, | ||
==== Language standardization: | ==== Language standardization: | ||
- | Breton | + | Breton |
+ | Breton has known many ortographies, | ||
+ | * 1941: Peurunvan(' | ||
+ | * Peurunvan remains the most popular in use((Gutman, | ||
+ | * 1954: Orthographie Universitaire | ||
+ | * 1970: Etrerannyezhel (‘interdialectal’) | ||
+ | |||
+ | A unified language has emerged in the 20th century, a development which has been reinforced by the development of bilingual education and by the media.((Vallerie, | ||
===== Demographics ===== | ===== Demographics ===== | ||
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====== Language and education legislation: | ====== Language and education legislation: | ||
- | ===== History of language education: ===== | ||
+ | ===== History of education legislation===== | ||
===== European language legislation: | ===== European language legislation: | ||
Breton is not covered under the [[general_information: | Breton is not covered under the [[general_information: | ||
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- | ===== Educational legislation: ===== | + | ===== Legislation on national level: ===== |
* [[http:// | * [[http:// | ||
* [[http:// | * [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | On April 8, 2021, the French National Assembly passed a bill // | ||
+ | Better funding for immersive community-run schools expected//. Nationalia. [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | On May 21, 2021, the Constitutional Council of France concluded that the law for the protection and promotion of regional languages as partially unconstitutional. One of the two articles deemed inconstitutioanl, | ||
+ | A l' | ||
+ | //. Diwan. [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
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====== Education in practice ====== | ====== Education in practice ====== | ||
- | 14,710 children (corresponding to 2.4% of school children in Brittany) will be learning Breton 2012 and 2013, opposed to 5 children in 1985. Few learners reach a reasonable level of fluency. ((Goalabre, F. (2015). Immersion Education and the Revitalisation of Breton and Gaelic as Community Languages. //Policy and Planning for Endangered Languages// | ||
- | There is a bilingual school network, [[http://www.diwankistreberzh.bzh/page/7/|Diwan]], which teaches by language immersion, and teaches Breton only in the first years of education. The Diwan schools do not receive state financial support. ((Vallerie, M. and Bouroulleg, C. (2019) Regional Dossier | + | Since 1977, there is a bilingual school network, [[https://www.diwan.bzh/ |
+ | |||
+ | 14,710 children (corresponding to 2.4% of school children in Brittany) learned Breton 2012 and 2013, opposed to 5 children in 1985.((Goalabre, | ||
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====== Mercator' | ====== Mercator' | ||
- | [[http:// | + | [[https:// |
languages/breton_in_france.txt · Last modified: 2021/05/27 11:06 by ydwine