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languages:aragonese_in_spain [2020/03/10 08:39]
ydwine [European legislation:]
languages:aragonese_in_spain [2021/12/01 13:06]
juanpabl [Language standardization:]
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 ==== Language vitality according to: ==== ==== Language vitality according to: ====
-^ [[http://​www.unesco.org/​languages-atlas/​|UNESCO]] ^ [[https://​www.ethnologue.com/​language/​arg/​|Ethnologue]] ^ [[http://​www.endangeredlanguages.com/​lang/​949|Endangered Languages]] ^ +^ [[http://​www.unesco.org/​languages-atlas/​|UNESCO]] ^ [[https://​www.ethnologue.com/​language/​arg/​|Ethnologue]] ^ [[http://​www.endangeredlanguages.com/​lang/​949|Endangered Languages]] ^ [[https://​glottolog.org/​resource/​languoid/​id/​arag1245| Glottolog]] ^ 
-| {{ :​endangerment:​yellow.png?​nolink |}} | {{ :​endangerment:​yellow.png?​nolink |}} | {{ :​endangerment:​red.png?​nolink |endangered}} |+| {{ :​endangerment:​yellow.png?​nolink | definitely endangered}} | {{ :​endangerment:​yellow.png?​nolink |in trouble}} | {{ :​endangerment:​red.png?​nolink |endangered}} |{{ :​endangerment:​orange.png?​nolink |shifting}} | 
  
  
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 ==== Language standardization:​ ==== ==== Language standardization:​ ====
 There is no consensus on a standardized orthography:​ a survey among 228 speakers and/or students of Aragonese suggested that several spelling systems were used((Paricio,​ S.J. & J.P. Martínez Cortés (2010). “New ways to revitalise minority languages: the impact of the internet in the case of Aragonese.” In: Digithum: The Humanities in the Digital Era, no. 12 (pp. 1-11). [[http://​digithum.uoc.edu/​index.php/​digithum/​article/​view/​n12-paricio-martinez/​n12-paricio-martinez-eng]])). Most used the //Propuesta Ortografica//​ from 2010 (46%), developed by the [[http://​www.academiadelaragones.org/​|Academia de l'​Aragonés]]. There is no consensus on a standardized orthography:​ a survey among 228 speakers and/or students of Aragonese suggested that several spelling systems were used((Paricio,​ S.J. & J.P. Martínez Cortés (2010). “New ways to revitalise minority languages: the impact of the internet in the case of Aragonese.” In: Digithum: The Humanities in the Digital Era, no. 12 (pp. 1-11). [[http://​digithum.uoc.edu/​index.php/​digithum/​article/​view/​n12-paricio-martinez/​n12-paricio-martinez-eng]])). Most used the //Propuesta Ortografica//​ from 2010 (46%), developed by the [[http://​www.academiadelaragones.org/​|Academia de l'​Aragonés]].
 +
 +The //Academia Aragonesa de la Lengua// was established in 2021, with the appointment of its 15 founding members. It was created as the scientific institution for the study of Aragonese and Catalan in Aragon. One of its functions is to establish the rules for the correct use of these languages.
 ===== Demographics ===== ===== Demographics =====
 ==== Language Area ==== ==== Language Area ====
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 ===== History of language education: ===== ===== History of language education: =====
  
-Prior to the 1990's the Aragonese language had no place in the education system. The Aragonese activist movement began to demand one in the seventies (for example the L’aragonés t’a escuela campaign, promoted by the CFA). In the academic year 1984/1985, seventeen city councils and fourteen schools formally asked for the education of the Aragonese language, but it was not implemented. In the academic year 1997/1998 Aragonese became an extra-curricular,​ non-evaluable,​ voluntary subject, due to an agreement between Aragon’s Government and four city councils. In 2005 the Aragon Government published new Orders, which enabled schools in the Aragonese and Catalan language regions to teach Aragonese and Catalan, and also to use these languages as media of instruction.((Iris Orosia Campos Bandrés, ​Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortésand Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers))+Prior to the 1990's the Aragonese language had no place in the education system. The Aragonese activist movement began to demand one in the seventies (for example the L’aragonés t’a escuela campaign, promoted by the CFA). In the academic year 1984/1985, seventeen city councils and fourteen schools formally asked for the education of the Aragonese language, but it was not implemented. In the academic year 1997/1998 Aragonese became an extra-curricular,​ non-evaluable,​ voluntary subject, due to an agreement between Aragon’s Government and four city councils. In 2005 the Aragon Government published new Orders, which enabled schools in the Aragonese and Catalan language regions to teach Aragonese and Catalan, and also to use these languages as media of instruction.((Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortés and Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers))
  
 ===== Legislation of language education: ===== ===== Legislation of language education: =====
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 ==== National legislation ==== ==== National legislation ====
 Aragonese is neither an [[general_information:​glossary_of_terms#​Official language:​|official language]] in the whole of Spain nor in the [[general_information:​glossary_of_terms##​Autonomous Community|Autonomous Community]] of Aragon, Spain. Aragonese is neither an [[general_information:​glossary_of_terms#​Official language:​|official language]] in the whole of Spain nor in the [[general_information:​glossary_of_terms##​Autonomous Community|Autonomous Community]] of Aragon, Spain.
-The Spanish constitution states that Castillian is the official language of Spain, but "other Spanish languages shall also be official in the respective autonomous communities in accordance with their Statutes"​ (Article 3). In response to this, several Autonomous Communities have made locally spoken languages official, but this has not happened for Aragonese.((Iris Orosia Campos Bandrés, ​Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortésand Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers))+The Spanish constitution states that Castillian is the official language of Spain, but "other Spanish languages shall also be official in the respective autonomous communities in accordance with their Statutes"​ (Article 3). In response to this, several Autonomous Communities have made locally spoken languages official, but this has not happened for Aragonese.((Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortés and Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers))
  
 ==== Educational legislation ===== ==== Educational legislation =====
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 In Aragon, the pre-school curriculum states that, in areas where Aragonese and Catalan are spoken, those languages will be used as medium of instruction and will receive similar treatment as Spanish. In Aragon, the pre-school curriculum states that, in areas where Aragonese and Catalan are spoken, those languages will be used as medium of instruction and will receive similar treatment as Spanish.
  
-The curriculum for primary education (2014) states that, in some Areas of Aragon, teaching Aragonese social and cultural heritage (including the Aragonese language) is compulsory, and can be offered as an elective examinational subject. Article 19  allows schools to teach regional language during school hours, and to use these languages as medium of instruction.((Iris Orosia Campos Bandrés, ​Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortésand Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers)) ​+The curriculum for primary education (2014) states that, in some Areas of Aragon, teaching Aragonese social and cultural heritage (including the Aragonese language) is compulsory, and can be offered as an elective examinational subject. Article 19  allows schools to teach regional language during school hours, and to use these languages as medium of instruction.((Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortés and Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers)) ​
  
 === Secondary education === === Secondary education ===
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 Though the curriculum states that Aragonese and Catalan are to be used as media of instruction in areas where these languages are spoken, language of instruction is Spanish in all cases. At some pre-school locations, Aragonese lessons are offered. Usually these locations are housed at primary schools, where primary school teachers also teach Aragonese at pre-school level. There are schools where all the children have to take Aragonese as a compulsory subject, where it is offered as a voluntary subject during regular class hours, and it is offered as a voluntary subject after school. ​ Though the curriculum states that Aragonese and Catalan are to be used as media of instruction in areas where these languages are spoken, language of instruction is Spanish in all cases. At some pre-school locations, Aragonese lessons are offered. Usually these locations are housed at primary schools, where primary school teachers also teach Aragonese at pre-school level. There are schools where all the children have to take Aragonese as a compulsory subject, where it is offered as a voluntary subject during regular class hours, and it is offered as a voluntary subject after school. ​
  
-Class time ranges from 30 minutes to one hour and 45 min per week.((Iris Orosia Campos Bandrés, ​Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortésand Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers))+Class time ranges from 30 minutes to one hour and 45 min per week.((Juan Pablo Martinéz Cortés and Santiago J. Paricio Martín, ‘[[http://​www.mercator-research.eu/​fileadmin/​mercator/​dossiers_pdf/​aragonese_in_spain.pdf|Aragonese:​ The Aragonese language in education in Spain]]’, ed. by Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning, Mercator Regional Dossiers))
  
 There are no teaching materials available. Usually, teachers make these themselves. There are no teaching materials available. Usually, teachers make these themselves.
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 In the current curriculum for secondary education, established in 2007, it is possible to use Aragonese as a language of instruction for multiple courses, but this has not yet been done. The curriculum does not detail the content and pedagogical aspects of the Aragonese subject. These aspects were developed in a new ESO-level curriculum. ​ However, at the time of writing, this curriculum is not yet in use, as the new Aragonese government elected in May 2015 suspended the application of all the LOMCE curricula in compulsory and non-compulsory secondary education. In the current curriculum for secondary education, established in 2007, it is possible to use Aragonese as a language of instruction for multiple courses, but this has not yet been done. The curriculum does not detail the content and pedagogical aspects of the Aragonese subject. These aspects were developed in a new ESO-level curriculum. ​ However, at the time of writing, this curriculum is not yet in use, as the new Aragonese government elected in May 2015 suspended the application of all the LOMCE curricula in compulsory and non-compulsory secondary education.
  
-Aragonese is a voluntary subject in secondary education but has been insufficiently deployed. In recent years, Aragonese has been taught as a non-curricular subject outside school time in three high schools: IES Sobrarbe in Aínsa, IES Pirineos in Jaca and IES San Alberto Magno in Sabiñánigo. In the school year 2013/2014, for the first tim,a specialist teacher in secondary education was incorporated (including the baccalaureate),​ with students registered in Aragonese receiving two hours per week of language lessons. Previously, this class was taught by a primary school teacher. In the school year 2014/2015, Aragonese has been introduced for the first time in CRA Alto Ara, which includes the first two years of secondary education. ​+Aragonese is a voluntary subject in secondary education but has been insufficiently deployed. In recent years, Aragonese has been taught as a non-curricular subject outside school time in three high schools: IES Sobrarbe in Aínsa, IES Pirineos in Jaca and IES San Alberto Magno in Sabiñánigo. In the school year 2013/2014, for the first time, a specialist teacher in secondary education was incorporated (including the baccalaureate),​ with students registered in Aragonese receiving two hours per week of language lessons. Previously, this class was taught by a primary school teacher. In the school year 2014/2015, Aragonese has been introduced for the first time in CRA Alto Ara, which includes the first two years of secondary education. ​
  
 ==== Adult education ==== ==== Adult education ====
languages/aragonese_in_spain.txt · Last modified: 2024/03/03 18:53 by juanpabl

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