general_information:russian_legislation
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| general_information:russian_legislation [2020/03/18 08:44] – [Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities] ydwine | general_information:russian_legislation [2024/07/08 11:09] (current) – [The Constitution of the Russian Federation 1993] ydwine | ||
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| - | ====== Russian | + | ====== Russian |
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| ==== European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages ==== | ==== European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages ==== | ||
| - | In 2001, the Russian Federation | + | In 2001, the Russian Federation [[general_information: |
| - | This means in practice | + | |
| ==== Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities ==== | ==== Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities ==== | ||
| - | In 1996, the Russian Federation [[general_information: | + | In 1996, the Russian Federation [[general_information: |
| - | Russia states in the first report that "more than 170 peoples" | + | ===== Legislation concerning minority languages ===== |
| - | * Indigenous peoples: established nations or nations living in the territory of Russia for an extensive period of time | + | |
| - | * Ethnic groups of a relatively more recent origin whose " | + | |
| - | * Groups that do not have state entities at all (Assyrians, Karaites, Kurds and Gipsies)((Russian Federation. (2000). //Report submitted by the Russian Federation pursuant to article 25, paragraph 10F of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.// | + | |
| - | You can read the latest report (2016) [[https:// | + | ==== Short history ==== |
| - | + | During the Tsarist period (1721-1917), | |
| - | ===== Legislation concerning | + | International Advances in Education: Global Initiatives for Equity and Social Justice//. Brown,E. L., and Gibbons, P. E. (Ed.). Information Age Publishing (pp. 3-25).)) ((Frank. M. J. (2017). A Clean Sweep The Grand Alliance and Population Transfer 1941-5. In: //Making Minorities History: Population Transfer in Twentieth-century Europe//. Oxford University Press (pp. 227-265)). After WWII, the emphasis on Russian continued and minority languages |
| + | <sub> // Minority Language Rights in the Russian Federation: The End of a Long Tradition?// | ||
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| - The Russian Federation shall guarantee to all of its peoples the right to preserve their native language and to create conditions for its study and development. | - The Russian Federation shall guarantee to all of its peoples the right to preserve their native language and to create conditions for its study and development. | ||
| - | There are 22* ethnic republics | + | The Russian Federation recognizes |
| Native languages are also covered in the Constitution under Chapter 2, Rights and Freedoms of Man and Citizen, Article 26: | Native languages are also covered in the Constitution under Chapter 2, Rights and Freedoms of Man and Citizen, Article 26: | ||
| - Everyone shall have the right to determine and indicate his nationality. No one may be forced to determine and indicate his or her nationality. | - Everyone shall have the right to determine and indicate his nationality. No one may be forced to determine and indicate his or her nationality. | ||
| - | - Everyone shall have the right to use his or her native language, to a free choice of the language of communication, | + | - Everyone shall have the right to use his or her native language, to a free choice of the language of communication, |
| - | <sub> *this includes the Crimea, annexed | + | <sub> *note that the Russian Federation |
| ==== Further national legislation ==== | ==== Further national legislation ==== | ||
| - | The possibility on education in native languages is further clarified in the Law on the Languages of the Peoples of the Russian Federation. Article 9(2) of this law states that everybody can receive basic general education in the native language, and has the possibility to choose the language of instruction, | + | The framework for Russian legislation concerning education is based on a three-tier curriculum, with a mandatory federal part, a national-regional part mandated by the federal subjects, and a variable part which can be filled in by individual schools((Васильева, |
| + | |||
| + | The possibility on education in native languages is further clarified in the Law on the Languages of the Peoples of the Russian Federation | ||
| What is more, this one example that shows the difficulty to determine current minority language rights. That is because new regulations seem to contradict earlier legislation without these laws being amended ((Bowring, B. (2018). //Minority Language Rights in the Russian Federation: The End of a Long Tradition?// | What is more, this one example that shows the difficulty to determine current minority language rights. That is because new regulations seem to contradict earlier legislation without these laws being amended ((Bowring, B. (2018). //Minority Language Rights in the Russian Federation: The End of a Long Tradition?// | ||
| Line 50: | Line 48: | ||
| In 2002 the Russian Duma ruled that all languages in Russia are to be written Cyrillic script((Bowring, | In 2002 the Russian Duma ruled that all languages in Russia are to be written Cyrillic script((Bowring, | ||
| This was after Tatarstan attempted to adopt Latinista script for the Tatar language in 2001((Jaffe, | This was after Tatarstan attempted to adopt Latinista script for the Tatar language in 2001((Jaffe, | ||
| + | |||
| === Amendment 2007 === | === Amendment 2007 === | ||
| In 2007, an amendment to the education law was passed that increased the degree of federal control in education. This left the federal republics with less curricular room to provide education in the local languages. In fact, teaching these languages is now solely possible through implementing it in an optional part of the curriculum ((Bowring, B., //Russian legislation in the area of minority rights//. In: Protsyk, O., & Harzl, B. (Eds.), //Managing ethnic diversity in Russia//. London (GB): Routledge; 2012, pp. 15-36)). For a number of years, the situation was even bleaker, as the original incarnation of the law also forbade testing students in other languages of instruction than than Russian ((Casen, M., //Les manifestations de l' | In 2007, an amendment to the education law was passed that increased the degree of federal control in education. This left the federal republics with less curricular room to provide education in the local languages. In fact, teaching these languages is now solely possible through implementing it in an optional part of the curriculum ((Bowring, B., //Russian legislation in the area of minority rights//. In: Protsyk, O., & Harzl, B. (Eds.), //Managing ethnic diversity in Russia//. London (GB): Routledge; 2012, pp. 15-36)). For a number of years, the situation was even bleaker, as the original incarnation of the law also forbade testing students in other languages of instruction than than Russian ((Casen, M., //Les manifestations de l' | ||
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| === Developments 2012 === | === Developments 2012 === | ||
| - | The Law on Education of 2012 is set of core federal laws and a number of non-core laws in order to regulate education from a federal level. ((Troshkina, | + | In 2013, the 2012 law “On education in the Russian Federation" |
| === Developments 2017 === | === Developments 2017 === | ||
| - | In July 2017, Russian President Vladimir Putin suggested | + | In July 2017, Russian President Vladimir Putin stated |
| - | ==Modified: 23-10-2017== | ||
| === Developments 2018 === | === Developments 2018 === | ||
| In June 2018, the Russian State Duma passed a draft on the voluntary teaching of non-Russian languages in a first reading. | In June 2018, the Russian State Duma passed a draft on the voluntary teaching of non-Russian languages in a first reading. | ||
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| The law limits earlier provisions for minority education, such as lowering the amount of hours from three up to five or six hours to two hours in total, one for the language and one for literature((Zamyatin, | The law limits earlier provisions for minority education, such as lowering the amount of hours from three up to five or six hours to two hours in total, one for the language and one for literature((Zamyatin, | ||
| - | ==Modified: 24-02-2020== | ||
general_information/russian_legislation.1584517496.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/03/18 08:44 by ydwine