Table of Contents



Khakas in Russia

Language designations:

Language vitality:

Linguistic aspects:

Language standardization:

Demographics

Language Area

Khakas is spoken in the Republic of Khakassia, in the southern part of Siberia, Russian Federation. Ethnic Khakassians make up about 11% of the republic's population.

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keyboard operation

Keyboard operation becomes available after activating the map using the tab key (the map will show a focus indicator ring).

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  • switching themes or maps clicking on the ≡ icon on the right-hand side of the map you can view and select available maps and themes
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  • fullscreen display using the ⛶ button the map can be maximized to fullscreen display, use the ▢ button to return to page display.

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Europe

 

Points of Interest
id symbol latitude longitude description
Europe
1 marker-gold 50.74º 107.17º

Republic of Khakassia

Speaker numbers

The 1989 census stated that the the Khakas people numbered 78,000, of which 76,1% were native speakers. For more information, view The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire. The Endangered Languages Project has estimations varying from 6000 to 64,810 speakers (worldwide).


Language and education legislation:

History of language education:

The Soviet Union placed major strains and limits to the Khakas language and culture, which strongly diminished as a consequence during this period 1).

Legislation in the Russian Federation:

See the Russian legislation concerning minority languages.

Textbooks in Khakas have been approved by Moscow in 20152).

Legislation in the Republic of Khakassia:

According to the Khakas constitution (1995), and the Language Law (1992) Khakas is the second official language, after Russian, in the Republic.3)

Educational legislation:

According to the Language Law of the Republic of Khakassia, have the right to study their native language, but it is not obligatory. 4)


Education in practice

There has been an increase in number of schools, classes and children learning Khakas as a subject, from 50% of Khakas children in 1994, to 70% in 2004. In addition, by 2004, Khakas was also taught in urban schools (8 schools in the capital of Khakassia, Abakan, corresponding to 35% of the Khakas children) and in kindergarten 5)


Learning resources and educational institutions

1)
The Khakass.The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empite.https://www.eki.ee/books/redbook/khakass.shtml.
2)
Goble, P. (2015, September 2). Only Three Non-Russian Nations have Moscow-Approved Textbooks in Their Languages. http://www.interpretermag.com/only-three-non-russian-nations-have-moscow-approved-textbooks-in-their-languages/.
3) , 4) , 5)
Ó Riagáin, Dónall, ed., Voces Diversae: Lesser-Used Language Education in Europe, Belfast Studies in Language, Culture and Politics, 15 (Belfast: Cló Ollscoil na Banríona, 2006)